Stars that died in 2023

In 2024, we've experienced the loss of several luminaries in the world of entertainment. These beloved figures—actors, comedians, musicians, singers, and coaches—have touched our lives with their talent, passion, and dedication. They've left an indelible mark on our hearts and shaped the world of entertainment in ways that will continue to inspire and influence generations to come. Among the incredible actors who bid farewell this year, we mourn the loss of a true chameleon who effortlessly.

Sunday, April 14, 2013

Bert Jansch, Scottish folk guitarist, singer and songwriter (Pentangle), died from cancer he was 67.

Herbert "Bert" Jansch was a Scottish folk musician and founding member of the band Pentangle. He was born in Glasgow and came to prominence in London in the 1960s, as an acoustic guitarist, as well as a singer-songwriter. He recorded at least 25 albums and toured extensively from the 1960s to the 21st century.
Jansch was a leading figure in the British folk music revival of the 1960s, touring folk clubs and recording several solo albums, as well as collaborating with other musicians such as John Renbourn and Anne Briggs. In 1968, he joined the band Pentangle, touring and recording with them until their break-up in 1972. He then took a few years' break from music, returning in the late 1970s to work on a series of projects with other musicians. He joined a reformed Pentangle in the early 1980s and remained with them as they evolved through various changes of personnel until 1995. Until his death, Jansch continued to work as a solo artist.
Jansch's work influenced such artists as Al Stewart, Paul Simon, Johnny Marr, Elton John, Bernie Taupin, Bernard Butler, Jimmy Page, Nick Drake, Graham Coxon, Donovan, Neil Young, Fleet Foxes, Devendra Banhart and Neil Halstead.
Jansch received two Lifetime Achievement Awards at the BBC Folk Awards: one, in 2001, for his solo achievements and the other, in 2007, as a member of Pentangle.

(3 November 1943 – 5 October 2011^[1])

Early years

Herbert Jansch was born at Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow in 1943, the descendant of a family originally from Hamburg, Germany who settled in Britain during the Victorian era.^[2] The family name is pronounced /ˈjænʃ/yansh by almost everyone except Jansch himself. He and some close members of his family pronounce it /ˈdʒænʃ/jansh.^[3]
Jansch was brought up in Edinburgh, where he attended Pennywell Primary School and Ainslie Park Secondary School.^[4] As a teenager, he acquired a guitar and started visiting a local folk club ("The Howff") run by Roy Guest.^[5] There, he met Archie Fisher and Jill Doyle (Davey Graham's half-sister),^[6] who introduced him to the music of Big Bill Broonzy, Pete Seeger, Brownie McGhee and Woody Guthrie.^[4] He also met and shared a flat with Robin Williamson, who remained a friend when Jansch later moved to London.^[7]
After leaving school, Jansch took a job as a nurseryman,^[8] then in August 1960, he gave this up, with the intention of being a full-time musician.^[9] He appointed himself as an unofficial caretaker at The Howff and, as well as sleeping there, he may have received some pay to supplement his income as a novice performer who did not own his own guitar.^[10] He spent the next two years playing one-night stands in British folk clubs.^[4] This was a musical apprenticeship that exposed him to a range of influences, including Martin Carthy and Ian Campbell, but especially Anne Briggs, from whom he learned some of the songs (such as "Blackwaterside" and "Reynardine") that would later feature strongly in his recording career.^[4]
Between 1963 and 1965, Jansch travelled around Europe and beyond, hitch-hiking from place to place and living on earnings from busking and casual musical performances in bars and cafes.^[11] Before leaving Glasgow, he married a 16-year-old girl, Lynda Campbell. It was a marriage of convenience which allowed her to travel with him as she was too young to have her own passport.^[12] They split up after a few months and Jansch was eventually repatriated to Britain after catching dysentery in Tangiers.^[12]

London (mid-1960s)

Jansch moved to London where, in the mid-1960s, there was a burgeoning interest in folk music.^[13] There, he met the engineer and producer, Bill Leader, at whose home they made a recording of Jansch's music on a reel-to-reel tape recorder. Leader sold the tape for £100 to Transatlantic Records, who produced an album directly from it.^[14] The album Bert Jansch was released in 1965 and went on to sell 150,000 copies.^[15] It included Jansch's protest song "Do You Hear Me Now" which was brought to the attention of the pop music mainstream later that year by the singer Donovan, who covered it on his Universal Soldier EP, which reached No. 1 in the UK EP chart and No. 27 in the singles chart.^[16] Also included in Jansch's first album was his song "Needle of Death".^[17]
In his early career, Jansch was sometimes characterized as a British Bob Dylan.^[18] Jansch followed his first album with two more, produced in quick succession: It Don't Bother Me and Jack Orion^[19]—which contained his first recording of "Blackwaterside", later to be taken up by Jimmy Page and recorded by Led Zeppelin as "Black Mountain Side".^[20] Jansch says: The accompaniment was nicked by a well-known member of one of the most famous rock bands, who used it, unchanged, on one of their records.^[21] Transatlantic took legal advice about the alleged copyright infringement and were advised that there was "a distinct possibility that Bert might win an action against Page".^[22] Ultimately, Transatlantic were dubious about the costs involved in taking on Led Zeppelin in the courts, and half the costs would have had to be paid by Jansch personally, which he simply could not afford, so the case was never pursued.^[23]
In London, Jansch met up with other innovative acoustic guitar players, including John Renbourn (with whom he shared a flat in Kilburn), Davey Graham, Wizz Jones, Roy Harper and Paul Simon. They would all meet and play in various London music clubs, including the Troubadour, in Old Brompton Road,^[24] and Les Cousins club in Greek Street, Soho.^[25] Renbourn and Jansch frequently played together, developing their own intricate interplay between the two guitars, often referred to as 'Folk baroque'.^[26]
In 1966, they recorded the Bert and John album together, featuring much of this material.^[27] Late in 1967 they tired of the all-nighters at Les Cousins and became the resident musicians at a music venue set up by Bruce Dunnett, a Scottish entrepreneur, at the Horseshoe pub (now defunct) at 264-267 Tottenham Court Road.^[28] This became the haunt of a number of musicians, including the singer Sandy Denny.^[29] Another singer, Jacqui McShee began performing with the two guitarists and, with the addition of Danny Thompson (string bass) and Terry Cox (drums), they formed the group, Pentangle.^[30] The venue evolved into a jazz club, but by then the group had moved on.^[31]
On 19 October 1968, Jansch married Heather Sewell.^[32] At the time, she was an art student and had been the girlfriend of Roy Harper.^[33] She inspired several of Jansch's songs and instrumentals: the most obvious is "Miss Heather Rosemary Sewell", from his 1968 album, Birthday Blues, but Jansch says that, despite the name, "M'Lady Nancy" (from the 1971 Rosemary Lane album) was also written for her.^[34] As Heather Jansch she has become a well-known sculptress.^[35]

Pentangle years: 1968–73

Pentangle's first major concert was at the Royal Festival Hall, in 1967, and their first album was released in the following year.^[36] Pentangle embarked on a demanding schedule of touring the world and recording and, during this period, Jansch largely gave up solo performances.^[37] He did, however, continue to record, releasing Rosemary Lane in 1971. The tracks, for this album were recorded on a portable tape recorder by Bill Leader at Jansch's cottage in Ticehurst, Sussex — a process which took several months, with Jansch only working when he was in the right mood.^[38]
Pentangle reached their highest point of commercial success with the release of their Basket Of Light album in 1969. The single, Light Flight, taken from the album became popular through its use as theme music for a TV drama series Take Three Girls for which the band also provided incidental music.^[39] In 1970, at the peak of their popularity, they recorded a soundtrack for the film Tam Lin, made at least 12 television appearances, and undertook tours of the UK (including the Isle of Wight Festival) and America (including a concert at the Carnegie Hall).^[40] However, their fourth album, Cruel Sister, released in October 1970, was a commercial disaster.^[41] This was an album of traditional songs that included a 20-minute long version of Jack Orion, a song that Jansch and Renbourn had recorded previously as a duo on Jansch's Jack Orion album.^[42]
Pentangle recorded two further albums, but the strains of touring and of working together as a band were taking their toll.^[43] Then Pentangle withdrew from their record company, Transatlantic, in a bitter dispute regarding royalties.^[44] The final album of the original incarnation of Pentangle was Solomon's Seal released by Warner Brothers/Reprise in 1972. Colin Harper describes it as "a record of people's weariness, but also the product of a unit whose members were still among the best players, writers and musical interpreters of their day".^[45] Pentangle split up in January 1973, and Jansch and his wife bought a farm near Lampeter, in Wales, and withdrew temporarily from the concert circuit.^[34]

Late 1970s

After two years as a farmer, Jansch left his wife and family and returned to music (although Jansch and his wife would not be formally divorced until 1988).^[46] In 1977, he recorded the album A Rare Conundrum with a new set of musicians: Mike Piggott, Rod Clements and Pick Withers. He then formed the band Conundrum with the addition of Martin Jenkins (violin) and Nigel Smith (bass). They spent six months touring Australia, Japan and the United States.^[47] With the end of the tour, Conundrum parted company and Jansch spent six months in the United States, where he recorded the Heartbreak album with Albert Lee.^[47]
Jansch toured Scandinavia, working as a duo with Martin Jenkins and, based on ideas they developed, recorded the Avocet album (initially released in Denmark).^[48] Jansch rates this as amongst his own favourites from his own recordings.^[49] On returning to England, he set up Bert Jansch's Guitar Shop at 220, New King's Road, Fulham.^[47] The shop specialised in hand-built acoustic guitars but was not a commercial success and closed after two years.^[50]

1980s

In 1980, an Italian promoter encouraged the original Pentangle to reform for a tour and a new album.^[51] The reunion started badly, with Terry Cox being injured in a car accident, resulting in the band's debuting at the Cambridge Folk Festival as a four-piece Pentangle.^[51] They managed to complete a tour of Italy (with Cox in a wheelchair) and Australia, before Renbourn left the band in 1983.^[52] There then followed a series of personnel changes, including Mike Piggott replacing John Renbourn from 1983 to 1987 and recording "Open the Door" and "In the Round", but ultimately leaving Jansch and McShee as the only original members.^[53] The final incarnation consisting of Jansch, McShee, Nigel Portman Smith (keyboards), Peter Kirtley (guitar and vocals) and Gerry Conway (drums) survived from 1987 to 1995 and recorded three albums: Think of Tomorrow, One More Road and Live 1994.^[54] As a solo artist in the mid-1980s, he often appeared on Vivian Stanshall and Ki Longfellow-Stanshall's showboat, the Old Profanity Showboat, in Bristol's Floating Harbour.
He had always been a heavy drinker, but in 1987 he fell ill while working with Rod Clements and was rushed to hospital, where he was told that he was "as seriously ill as you can be without dying" and that he had a choice of "giving up alcohol or simply giving up".^[55] He chose the former option: Colin Harper states that "There can be no doubt that Bert's creativity, reliability, energy, commitment and quality of performance were all rescued dramatically by the decision to quit boozing".^[56] Jansch and Clements continued the work they had started before Jansch's illness, resulting in the 1988 Leather Launderette album.^[56]

Final years and death: 1992–2011

Bert was the prime mover in the Acoustic Routes film, first broadcast by the BBC in 1992. It shows him revisiting his old haunts and reminiscing with guests such as Al Stewart, Anne Briggs, John Renbourn, Davy Graham.
From 1995, Jansch appeared frequently at the 12 Bar Club in Denmark Street, London.^[57] One of his live sets there was recorded direct to Digital Audio Tape (DAT) by Jansch's then manager, Alan King, and was released as the Live at the 12 Bar: an official bootleg album in 1996.^[58] In 2002 Jansch, Bernard Butler and Johnny "Guitar" Hodge performed live together at the Jazz Cafe, London.^[59] In 2003, Jansch celebrated his 60th birthday with a concert at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London. The BBC organised a concert for Jansch and various guests at the church of St Luke Old Street, which was televised on BBC Four.^[49]
In 2005, Jansch teamed up again with one of his early influences, Davey Graham, for a small number of concerts in England and Scotland.^[60] His concert tour had to be postponed, owing to illness, and Jansch underwent major heart surgery in late 2005.^[61] By 2006 he had recovered and was playing concerts again. Jansch's album The Black Swan (his first for four years) was released on Sanctuary on 18 September 2006, featuring Beth Orton and Devendra Banhart on tracks "Katie Cruel", "When the Sun Comes Up", and "Watch the Stars", amongst other guests.^[62] In 2007, he featured on Babyshambles album, Shotter's Nation, playing acoustic guitar in the song "The Lost Art of Murder".^[63] After recording, he accompanied Babyshambles' lead singer Pete Doherty on several acoustic gigs, and performed on the Pete and Carl Reunion Gig, where ex-Libertines and Dirty Pretty Things singer Carl Barat joined Doherty on stage.^[64]
In 2009 he played a concert at the London Jazz Cafe to celebrate the release of three of his older albums (LA Turnaround, Santa Barbara Honeymoon and A Rare Conundrum) on CD format.^[65] However, later that year, due to an unexpected illness, he had to cancel a 22-date North American tour that was due to start on 26 June. Jansch's website reported: "Bert is very sorry to be missing the tour, and apologises to all the fans who were hoping to see him. He is looking forward to rescheduling as soon as possible."^[66]
Jansch opened for Neil Young on his Twisted Road solo tour in the US and Canada, starting on 18 May 2010. He also performed at Eric Clapton's Crossroads festival in June 2010. These were Jansch's first shows since his illness.^[67] In 2011, a few reunion gigs took place with Pentangle, including performances at the Glastonbury Festival ^[68] and one last final concert at the Royal Festival Hall, London,^[69] which was also Jansch's last ever public performance.
Jansch died on 5 October 2011, aged 67, at a hospice in Hampstead after a long battle with cancer.^[1]^[70]

Recognition and awards

In 2001 Jansch received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards,^[71] and on 5 June 2006, he received the MOJO Merit Award at the Mojo Honours List ceremony, based on "an expanded career that still continues to be inspirational". The award was presented by Beth Orton and Roy Harper.^[72] Rolling Stone ranked Jansch as #94 on its list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of all Time in 2003.
In January 2007, the five original members of Pentangle (including Jansch) were given a Lifetime Achievement award at the BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards.^[73] The award was presented by Sir David Attenborough. Producer John Leonard said "Pentangle were one of the most influential groups of the late 20th century and it would be wrong for the awards not to recognise what an impact they had on the music scene."^[74] Pentangle played together for the event, for the first time in more than two decades, and their performance was broadcast on BBC Radio 2 on Wednesday, 7 February 2007.^[75] In 2007, Jansch was also awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music by Edinburgh Napier University, "in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the UK music industry".^[76]

Music

Bert Jansch's musical influences included Big Bill Broonzy^[77] and Brownie McGhee, whom Jansch first saw playing at The Howff in 1960 and, much later, claimed that he'd "still be a gardener" if he hadn't encountered McGhee and his music.^[78] Jansch was also strongly influenced by the British folk music tradition, particularly by Anne Briggs^[79] and, to a lesser extent, A.L. Lloyd.^[80] Other influences included jazz (notably Charles Mingus^[81]), early music (John Renbourn and Julian Bream^[48]) and other contemporary singer-songwriters — especially Clive Palmer.^[82] The other major influence was Davey Graham^[83] who, himself, brought together an eclectic mixture of musical styles.^[84] Also, in his formative years, Jansch had busked his way through Europe to Morocco, picking up musical ideas and rhythms from many sources.^[11] From these influences, he distilled his own individual guitar style.
Some of his songs feature a basic clawhammer style of right-hand playing but these are often distinguished by unusual chord voicings or by chords with added notes. An example of this is his song "Needle of Death", which features a simple picking style but several of the chords are decorated with added ninths. Characteristically, the ninths are not the highest note of the chord, but appear in the middle of the arpeggiated finger-picking, creating a "lumpiness" to the sound.^[85]
Another characteristic feature is his ability to hold a chord in the lower strings whilst bending an upper string—often bending up from a semitone below a chord note. These can be heard clearly on songs such as "Reynardine" where the bends are from the diminished fifth to the perfect fifth.^[86] Jansch often fitted the accompaniment to the natural rhythm of the words of his songs, rather than playing a consistent rhythm throughout. This can lead to occasional bars appearing in unusual time signatures. For example, his version of the Ewan MacColl song "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face", unlike most other covers of that song, switches from 4/4 time to 3/4 and 5/4.^[87] A similar disregard for conventional time signatures is found in several of his collaborative compositions with Pentangle: for instance, "Light Flight" from the Basket of Light album includes sections in 5/8, 7/8 and 6/4 time.^[88]

Instruments

Through the development of Pentangle, Jansch played a number of instruments: banjo,^[89] Appalachian dulcimer,^[90] recorder^[91] and concertina^[92]—on rare occasions he has even been known to play electric guitar.^[93] However, it is his acoustic guitar playing that is most notable.^[94]
Jansch's first guitar was home-made from a kit^[95] but when he left school and started work, he bought a Hoffner cello-style guitar.^[8] Soon he traded this in for a Zenith which was marketed as the "Lonnie Donegan guitar" and which Jansch played in the folk clubs in the early 1960s.^[96] His first album was reputedly recorded using a Martin 00028 borrowed from Martin Carthy.^[97] Pictures of Jansch in the middle 1960s show him playing a variety of models, including Martin and Epiphone guitars.^[98] He had a guitar hand-built by John Bailey, which was used for most of the Pentangle recordings but was eventually stolen.^[99] Jansch later played two six-string guitars built by the Coventry-based luthier, Rob Armstrong, one of which appears on the front and back covers of the 1980 Shanachie release, Best of Bert Jansch. He then had a contract with Yamaha, who provided him with an FG1500 which he played, along with a Yamaha LL11 1970s jumbo guitar.^[97] Jansch's relationship with Yamaha continued and they presented him with an acoustic guitar with gold trim and abalone inlay for his 60th birthday although, valued at about £3000, Jansch is quoted as saying that it is too good for stage use.^[100] Jansch was a well-known Fylde guitar player.^[101]

Influence

Jansch's music, and particularly his acoustic guitar playing, have influenced a range of well-known musicians. His first album (Bert Jansch, 1965) was much admired, with Jimmy Page saying "At one point, I was absolutely obsessed with Bert Jansch. When I first heard that LP, I couldn't believe it. It was so far ahead of what everyone else was doing. No one in America could touch that."^[102] Page would record a version of Jansch's "Blackwaterside" controversially without crediting Jansch's arrangement.^[20]
The same debut album included Jansch's version of the Davy Graham instrumental "Angie". This was a favourite of Mike Oldfield, who practised acoustic guitar alone as a child, and was then heavily influenced by Jansch's style. The title of the instrumental inspired Oldfield to call his first band (with sister Sally) The Sallyangie.^[103] Jansch's version of "Angie" inspired Paul Simon's recording of the piece, which was retitled "Anji" and appeared on the Simon & Garfunkel album Sounds of Silence.^[104] From the same era, Neil Young is quoted as saying, "As much of a great guitar player as Jimi [Hendrix] was, Bert Jansch is the same thing for acoustic guitar...and my favourite."^[105] Nick Drake and Donovan were both admirers of Jansch:^[106] both recorded covers of his songs and Donovan went on to dedicate two of his own songs to Jansch; "Bert's Blues" appeared on his Sunshine Superman LP, and "House of Jansch" on his fourth album Mellow Yellow. Other tributes included Gordon Giltrap's album Janschology (2000) which has two tunes by Jansch, plus two others that show his influence.^[107] Further afield, the Japanese acoustic guitar player Tsuneo Imahori is known to have been heavily influenced by Jansch.^[108]

Discography

Graham Dilley, British cricketer, died from cancer he was 52.

Graham Roy Dilley ^[1]^[2] was an English cricketer, whose main role was as a fast bowler. He played first-class cricket for Kent and Worcestershire, and appeared in 41 test matches and 36 ODIs for England. He is perhaps best remembered for his tail-end batting with Ian Botham in England's second innings at Headingley in 1981, reaching his Test highest score of 56 in an eighth-wicket partnership of 117 in 80 minutes. This helped England to beat Australia despite following on and being quoted as 500-1 outsiders.^[3]^[4]
Cricket correspondent Colin Bateman, commenting on his effectiveness, noted, "... when it all worked, it worked beautifully".^[1]

(18 May 1959 – 5 October 2011)

Life and career

Dilley was born and raised in Dartford, Kent, England,^[5] and attended Dartford High School.^[6] He trained as a diamond cutter in Hatton Garden before embarking on a cricketing career with Kent County Cricket Club.^[5] He played for the Kent Second XI in 1976, aged 17.^[4]
He was married and divorced twice. Kent cricketer Graham Johnson was a brother-in-law. He had four children, including Chris Pennell, captain of Worcester Warriors rugby team.^[5]^[6]

Early career

Dilley made his first class debut for Kent at the age of eighteen in 1977, against Cambridge University. He failed to take a wicket, and was not selected again until the following season. He played his second match in June 1978 against the touring Pakistani cricket team, but again failed to take a wicket. It was only in his third first-class match, against Middlesex, that he made his presence felt, taking seven wickets in the match to help his team to a six-wicket win.
Dilley played two more first-class matches that season but took only one wicket. Perhaps more significant was his selection for England Young Cricketers against their West Indian counterparts for two of the three "Tests" and the single one-day game. Real progress in county cricket, however, would have to wait for 1979, when Dilley played 31 senior games for Kent, including a useful effort of 4-41 in the World Cup warm-up match against the New Zealanders. He finished with 49 first-class wickets at an average of 23.48 that season, and already his express pace was attracting attention.

England selection

The England selectors, looking for a young fast bowler for that winter's tour of Australia, took the bold decision of including the 20-year-old Dilley in the squad, and he made his international debut in an ODI against West Indies, played as part of the triangular tournament featuring those two teams and Australia.
Dilley played his first One Day International match on 24 November 1979 against West Indies at Sydney during the 1979/80 Benson & Hedges World Series Cup. The match was won by England by two runs. Dilley was given the new ball and struck in his third over when he claimed the wicket of Desmond Haynes. Rain forced the match to have a revised target and the West Indies needed to score 198 runs in 47 overs to win the match. They fell short and lost the match. Dilley finished with 6-2-21-1 with an economy rate of 3.50 runs per over.
A fortnight later, Dilley appeared in his first Test match, making him the youngest cricketer to play for England in thirty years when he entered the field during the Perth Test at the WACA on 14 December 1979.^[7] English captain Mike Brearley showed confidence in Dilley and gave him the new ball at the start of the Australian first innings. Dilley did well during his initial bowling spell, but had to wait until Australia lost their fifth wicket on 127 runs to claim his first Test Wicket. The batsman was Peter Toohey, caught by Derek Underwood for 19. Dilley then claimed his second wicket when Rod Marsh was caught behind by Bob Taylor. Marsh had scored 42 runs and Australia were 219 for 7 at that point. Australia finished 244 all out, and Dilley took figures of 18-1-47-2 with an economy rate of 2.61. However, his debut bowling performance was over-shadowed by Botham taking 6 for 78.
England were all out for 228, giving a lead of 16 runs to Australia. Dilley scored an unbeaten 38, and stayed at the wicket for 206 minutes, facing 57 balls. His score was the second highest in the innings, after captain Mike Brearley. Dilley again took the new ball in Australia's second innings, but did not get a wicket until Dennis Lillee gave a catch to Peter Willey at gully. Lillee scored 19 runs and England needed 354 runs for victory. Geoff Boycott showed resistance with an unbeaten 99, and Dilley made a partnership of nineteen runs with Boycott for eighth wicket. England finished 215 all out, and Australia won the Test by 138 runs.
He acquitted himself reasonably well, taking three wickets and scoring a handy unbeaten 38 in the first innings. The game featured a memorable item on the second-innings scorecard:^[8]^[6] ^[9]

Lillee c Willey b Dilley 19

England lost the match by 138 runs, and although Dilley also played in the second Test, which was also lost, he was replaced by John Lever for the third and final game. Dilley took only seven wickets on that tour - "£7,000 for seven wickets" as the tour manager Alec Bedser commented.^[1] The Australians triumphed in this match as well, to win the rubber 3-0, although the Ashes were not at stake, and were retained by England on the basis of their 5-1 victory in the six-game series that had been played a year earlier.
In 1980, Dilley was not selected until the third Test against West Indies, at Old Trafford. Rain intervened, as it was to do in the fourth and fifth Tests as well, and all were drawn. Dilley's eleven wickets, in the three innings he was able to make use of, made sure of his place to face the same opponents in the Caribbean that winter. England were outplayed in the overseas Tests and lost the four-match series 2-0 (the Guyana Test having been cancelled over the Robin Jackman affair) and both ODIs, but Dilley's ten wickets were enough for him to retain his place for the 1981 Ashes series.

Nothing that he had done before, from the moment he made his Test debut as the youngest Englishman for 30 years, until the day he retired from competitive cricket – not even the five for 68 he took in Brisbane in the winter of 1986-87 that catalysed a victory in match and Ashes series – would ever topple Headingley from the pinnacle of his achievements. It remains one of the most celebrated passages in the history of British sport.^[10]
.

“

”

Mike Selvey, writing in 2011

Dilley began the 1981 Ashes series strongly, taking 12 wickets in the first two Tests, and was thus retained for the third Test at Headingley. This game is best remembered for England's sensational victory after following on, and for the heroics of Ian Botham and Bob Willis, but Dilley played his part as well, albeit in the unfamiliar role of batsman. Coming to the crease in the second innings with England at 135-7, 92 runs in arrears, Dilley had no orders from his captain, Mike Brearley, when he joined Ian Botham at the crease. Botham said, "Right then, let's have a bit of fun",^[3] and the two men put on 117 in just 80 minutes before Dilley (56, from 75 balls) was bowled by Terry Alderman.^[1] England eventually established a lead of 130, and Dilley then held a boundary catch to dismiss Rod Marsh in Australia's second innings. Exceptional bowling by Bob Willis (8-43) bowled Australia out for 111, and gave England an unexpected victory by 18 runs.
Despite his part in the win at Headingley, Dilley did not play in the fourth Test, nor in the two that followed, being replaced variously by John Emburey, Paul Allott and Mike Hendrick. He did get picked for the subsequent 1981/2 India tour having pulled out of Graham Gooch's rebel tour of South Africa, something he regretted for financial reasons.^[11]

Injury and recovery

Despite being in and out of the side for the next couple of years, Dilley's future as a Test player seemed reasonably bright by 1983 as he played a full part in England's World Cup campaign. Following the tournament, a neck injury forced him out of the game for a year,^[1] and although he returned to county cricket in 1985, there was some doubt as to his long-term prospects. A decent performance that winter for Natal helped in his rehabilitation and, by 1986, Dilley took 63 first-class wickets and earned a recall to the England side.
Between 1986 and 1988, Dilley took 83 Test wickets at an average of 26.43, and was generally regarded as England's foremost strike bowler. He developed significant pace and outswing from a long, wide run up, approaching the wicket at an angle almost 45 degrees.^[4] Perhaps his most significant success came in 1986/87 when he took 5-68 in the first innings of the first Test at Brisbane to help his team to a victory that set them on their way to an Ashes win, and he also took 20 wickets at 15.85 in ODIs. In the drawn series against New Zealand the following winter he produced his career-best bowling figures, ripping through the Kiwi line-up with 6-38 (including the first five wickets to fall) at Lancaster Park, Christchurch.^[1] He was fined £250 in the same match for swearing at the umpire, comments which were clearly picked up by the stump microphone.^[12] He took a further 5-60 in Auckland, and finished the series with fifteen wickets at an average of 14.

Bowling style

His bowling style often fascinated many, with his unusual run-up a topic of discussion. It is believed that he tried to adopt the Jeff Thomson's slingy bowling style, and later Dilley's style was used by Chris Cairns in New Zealand.
In 1988, when talking about the effects of coaching fast bowlers, Geoffrey Boycott commented, "Remember what happened to Graham Dilley, who started out as a genuinely quick bowler. They started stuffing line and length in his ear and now he has Dennis Lillee's action with Denis Thatcher's pace".^{[citation needed]}

Later career

For the 1987 season, Dilley moved to Worcestershire,^[1] and his new county were about to begin the most successful period in their history, winning four trophies in the next three years. Despite further injury problems, he proved a vital cog in the wheel as Worcestershire won the 1988 and 1989 County Championships; it was during this period that he wrote, with team-mate Graeme Hick, an account of one of the title-winning seasons, somewhat painfully entitled Hick'n'Dilley Circus.
Dilley's Test career was beginning to wind down by this time, and his final match was at Edgbaston in the 1989 Ashes series. He made certain that he would not be picked again by accompanying Mike Gatting on the rebel tour to South Africa that winter,^[1] although he continued to play for his county for a couple more years. Dilley appeared in three of Worcestershire's matches in April 1992, but despite a couple of appearances in the Second XI, he announced his retirement at the end of that season because of recurring injury problems.^[1]

Retirement

Dilley's move to Worcestershire denied him the financial security of a benefit season. He found employment after retirement as a coach, firstly to the England women's cricket team, and then accompanying the men's side on the tour to India in 2001/02. He also worked in a coaching capacity for Zimbabwe and Scotland. His last position was as head coach to Loughborough UCCE, where he was director of cricket for 11 years.^[13]^[14]^[5] where he coached, among others, Monty Panesar, James Anyon, Ruel Brathwaite, James Adams and Rob Taylor.

Personal life

Dilley was the father of the Worcester Warriors rugby union captain, Chris Pennell.^[15]
Dilley died in a hospice in Leicester on 5 October 2011 just one week after being diagnosed with oesophageal cancer, at the age of 52.^[6] A memorial service was held in Worcester Cathedral on Wednesday 9 November 2011.^[5]

Teams

International

England

English county

Other first-class

England B
MCC
Natal

Career highlights

Tests

Test debut: vs Australia, Perth, 1979/80
Last Test: vs Australia, Birmingham, 1989
- Highest score: 56 vs Australia, Leeds, 1981
- Best bowling: 6-38 vs New Zealand, Christchurch, 1987/88

One Day International

ODI debut: vs West Indies, Sydney, 1979/80
Last ODI: vs West Indies, Leeds, 1988
- Highest score: 31* vs New Zealand, The Oval, 1983
- Best bowling: 4-23 vs West Indies, Brisbane, 1986/87

First-class

First-class debut: Kent vs Cambridge University, Canterbury, 1977
Last first-class match: Worcestershire vs Northamptonshire, Worcester, 1992
- Highest score: 81 for Kent vs Northamptonshire, Northampton, 1979
- Best bowling: 7-63 for Natal vs Transvaal, Johannesburg, 1985/86

List A cricket

List A debut: Kent vs Surrey, The Oval, 1978
Last List A match: Worcestershire vs Derbyshire, Worcester, 1992
- Highest score: 37* for Kent vs Hampshire, Canterbury, 1983
- Best bowling: 5-29 (twice):
  - for Kent vs Scotland, Edinburgh, 1986
  - for Worcestershire vs Middlesex, Lord's, 1988 (NatWest Trophy final)

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Anita Caspary, American Catholic nun, founder of the Immaculate Heart Community, died she was 95.

Dr. Anita Marie Caspary was an American nun and onetime mother superior who led the largest single exodus of nuns in the Catholic Church from canonical (church law) religious order vows in American history to found a lay women's organization known as the Immaculate Heart of Mary Community.

(November 4, 1915, Herrick, South Dakota – October 5, 2011, Los Angeles, California)

A "cradle Catholic" who took her vows in 1936 as Sister Humiliata in the Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Caspary became increasingly infused with the spirit and reforms of the Second Vatican Council, which were mostly opposed by the Archbishop of Los Angeles, James Cardinal McIntyre. In December 1969, after a standoff, more than 300 sisters at an Immaculate Heart community meeting voted to become a non-canonical community, thereby freeing themselves of Rome's control. Around fifty of these continued to operate under official Vatican recognition.^{[clarification needed]} Approximately 250 sisters ceased teaching in the archdiocese's Catholic schools. Caspary recalled that establishing a voluntary lay community "relieved us from threats and difficulties with the church under which we lived at that time".^[1]
Caspary was president of Immaculate Heart College, which was operated by her order, from 1958–63. (The school continued to operate after the schism in 1970, but closed in 1980.) After the break with the church, she taught at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley and served on the staff of the Peace and Justice Center of Southern California.^[2]

Memoir

Caspary taught high school English while studying toward a master’s degree at the University of Southern California. She received her Ph.D. in 1948 from Stanford University. She wrote a 2003 memoir, Witness to Integrity.

Death

Anita Caspary died in Los Angeles, California on October 5, 2011, aged 95.^[3]

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