Tone Pavček, Slovenian author and translator, died he was 83.

Tone Pavček  was one of the most influential Slovene poets, translators and essayists from the first post-war generation. He published a number of collections of poetry, well received by readers and critics alike. He also translated numerous Russian works into Slovene.

(29 September 1928 – 21 October 2011)

Early life

Tone Pavček was born on September 29th 1928 in Šentjurij in southeastern Slovenia. He lived in Šentjurij until he was 16 years old. He attended the first grade of elementary school in his home town, but was soon sent to a boarding school in Ljubljana. In Ljubljana he completed a classical high school, and went to study law from which he graduated in 1954, although he never performed legal services afterwards.


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Anis Mansour, Egyptian writer and columnist, died from pneumonia he was 86.

Anis Mansour, also transliterated as Anīs Manṣūr was an Egyptian writer.

(August 18, 1925^[1] – October 21, 2011^[2]) 
Anis Mansour was born in Al-Mansoura. He obtained his BA in philosophy in 1947 and started his journalistic career in the same year by joining "al-asas" newspaper staff, and later he joined many other newspapers and magazines such as "rose al-yousef" and "al-ahram". In 1976 he became the editor in chief of "akher sa'a" and "october" magazines.
Anis wrote more than 170 books on many subjects, some of which were translated into French, Dutch and Russian. he translated about 200 short stories and more than 20 plays into Arabic.^[3] he introduced Alberto Moravia to the Arabic literature by being the first to translate his works into Arabic. His best known book is "حول العالم في 200 يوم : الحائز على جائزة الدولية / Ḥawla al-ʻālam fī 200 yawm : al-ḥāʼiz ʻalá jāʼizah al-dawlīyah", ("Around the world in 200 days") ^[4] which was his actual journey around the world in the beginning of the 1960s, the book gives many facts and traditions of the countries he had been to, including India,Japan, the USA and others, and also his meeting with the Dalai Lama.
Anis died in Cairo.


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Digby Jacks, British president of the National Union of Students (1971–1973), died he was 66.

Digby Jacks  was President of the UK's National Union of Students between 1971^[1] and 1973 and was subsequently a trade union official for the Manufacturing, Science and Finance trade union.^[2]

(16 May 1945 – 21 October 2011)

A member of the Communist Party of Great Britain when elected NUS President, he was the second candidate from the left - in this case the Radical Student Alliance, succeeding Jack Straw, also elected on the RSA ticket, to win since the beginning of the Cold War: national student politics having previously been dominated by an anti-Communist alliance.^[3]
After his term as NUS president he wrote the book Student Politics and Higher Education (ISBN 0853153264), which examines the broad left's political strategy in student politics.^[4] Retiring as a regional officer for the Amicus trade union in 2005, he was a Labour councillor in the London Borough of Hounslow until 2006 and secretary of the lobbying group Alliance for Finance.^[5]
He died in October 2011. ^[6]

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Bertram Nelson Herlong, American bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee, died he was 77.

The Right Reverend Bertram Nelson Herlong  was the tenth bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee.

(October 16, 1934 – October 21, 2011)

Early life

He was born in Lake City, Florida and graduated from Columbia High School in 1952. He received a bachelor's degree in Literature and English from the University of Florida in 1956, and married Barbara Ann Vickers in June, 1957. The couple had two children, Angela and Michele.^[1]

Ministry

After the death of his brother, George, Herlong was called to the ministry and enrolled at the University of the South where he was awarded a Bachelors of Divinity^[1] in 1959. He was ordained to the diaconate on July 25, 1960 by Edward Hamilton West, Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Florida, and to the priesthood by the same bishop on March 13, 1961. Herlong's ministry began at Church of the Epiphany in Crestview, Florida and he was the first vicar at St. Jude's Church in Valparaiso, Florida. He became Canon Pastor at St. John's Cathedral in Jacksonville, Florida and was Assistant Headmaster and Chaplain at Jacksonville Episcopal High School.
Herlong earned a Master of Sacred Theology degree in 1970 by taking classes over seven summers. He was appointed associate rector of Trinity Church, Wall Street in 1972, becoming vicar of Trinity's St. Paul's Chapel in 1977. He continued his education at the New York Theological Seminary and was awarded a Doctorate of Ministry in 1980. He was also active in the community, starting a hospice at Beekman Downtown Hospital in Manhattan and organizing St. Margaret's Housing Center for seniors. He was also a director for the New York Board of Trade.^[1]
He became Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral, Detroit in 1979. In 1988, he was a candidate in the episcopal election of the Episcopal Diocese of Central Florida before being elected bishop of the Diocese of Tennessee on January 30, 1993. He was consecrated on June 26, 1993 and awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree in 1993.

Herlong's principal consecrators were

• Edmond Lee Browning, Presiding Bishop
• Charlie Fuller McNutt
• Peter James Lee

Bishopric

He was succeeded as diocesan bishop by John Crawford Bauerschmidt, eleventh Bishop of Tennessee, who was consecrated on January 27, 2007.
Herlong was a member of the Board of Directors of The Living Church Foundation and episcopal visitor of the Community of Saint Mary, Southern Province. He was considered a leader among conservatives in the Episcopal Church USA.


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Yann Fouéré, French Breton nationalist, died he was 101.

Yann Fouéré  was a Breton nationalist and a European federalist.^[1] His French birth certificate names him as Jean Adolphe Fouéré (French name, as the French State at the time did not allow Breton names). He was born in Aignan, Gers.^[2]and died in St.Brieuc, Brittany.

(26 July 1910 – 20 October 2011)

He fled France after the French liberation in 1945 and took Irish citizenship in the early 1950s. One of the founders of the Celtic League along with his compatriot Alan Heusaff, he lived to be 101 years old.^[3]
On Sunday, 21 January 2007, Eoghan Harris published an opinion piece in the Irish Independent alleging Fouéré had collaborated during WW2. The sole cited references in the article were Google search results.^[4] Fouéré was alleged to have been a collaborator during WW2, but was fully exonerated in 1955 following his voluntary return to France to face trial.^[5]

Family

His daughter is Irish actress Olwen Fouéré.

English

• Towards a federal Europe, 1968; ISBN 0-7154-0485-7

French

• L'Europe aux Cent Drapeaux, 1968
• La Bretagne Ecartelée, Nouvelles éditions latines, 1962
• Problèmes Bretons du Temps Présent
• "En prison pour la libération de la Bretagne". Nouvelles Editions Latines (Les Cahiers de l'Avenir de la Bretagne), 1977
• Histoire résumée du mouvement Breton, du XIXe siècle à nos jours (1800–1976). Quimper: Editions Nature et Bretagne (Les Cahiers de l'Avenir de la Bretagne; 4), 1977; ISBN 2-85257-027-0
• Europe ! Nationalité bretonne… Citoyen français?, Coop Breizh, 2000
• La Patrie interdite, Histoire d'un Breton, France Empire, 1987
• Ces Droits que les autres ont …, Les cahiers de l'avenir de la Bretagne
• L'Histoire du quotidien La Bretagne et les silences d'Henri Fréville (avec Youenn Didro)
• La maison du connemara, éd. Coop Breizh, 1995
• Projet de loi portant statut d'autonomie pour la Bretagne par Yann Fouéré, Thierry Jigourel, Jean Cevaër, et al.; Parti pour l'organisation d'une Bretagne libre. Saint-Brieuc (21 Pl. Du Guesclin): les Cahiers de l'avenir, 2001

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Sylvia Robinson, American singer (Mickey & Sylvia), music producer and record label executive, died from heart failure she was 75.

Sylvia Robinson was an American singer, musician, record producer, and record label executive, most notably known for her work as founder/CEO of the hip hop label Sugar Hill Records.
She is credited as the driving force behind two landmark singles in the genre. The first was "Rapper's Delight" by the Sugarhill Gang, which was the first rap song to be released by a hip hop act.^[1] The second was "The Message" by Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five.

(March 6, 1936 – September 29, 2011) 

Biography

She was born as Sylvia Vanderpool (aka Vanterpool^[2]) in 1936 in New York City.^[3] She began recording music in 1950 for Columbia Records under the billing, Little Sylvia. In 1954, she began teaming up with Kentucky guitarist Mickey Baker, who then taught her how to play guitar. In 1956, the duo now known as Mickey & Sylvia, recorded the Bo Diddley and Jody Williams-penned rock single, "Love is Strange", which topped the R&B charts and reached number eleven on the Billboard pop charts in early 1957. After several more releases including the modestly successful "There Oughta Be a Law", Mickey & Sylvia split up in 1959 with Sylvia later marrying Joe Robinson that same year. Sylvia re-started her solo career shortly after her initial split from Baker. In 1961, the duo reunited and recorded more songs together for various labels. They're most noted during this period for singing background on Ike & Tina Turner's hit single, "It's Gonna Work Out Fine". In 1964, frustrated with the music business, Baker moved to Paris.
In 1966, the Robinsons moved to New Jersey where they formed a soul music label, All Platinum Records, the following year, with artist Lezli Valentine, formerly of the Jaynettes, bringing the label its first hit with "I Won't Do Anything". In 1968, the duo signed a Washington, D.C. act named The Moments, who immediately found success with "Not on the Outside". Within a couple of years and with a new lineup, the group scored their biggest hit with "Love on a Two-Way Street", which Sylvia co-wrote and produced with Burt Keyes and (uncredited) lyrics by Lezli Valentine. Other hits the label and its subsidiaries, including Stang and Vibration, would have included Shirley & Company's "Shame, Shame, Shame", the Moments' "Sexy Mama" and "Look at Me I'm in Love" and the Whatnauts/Moments collaboration, "Girls".
In 1972, Robinson sent a demo of a song she had written called "Pillow Talk" to Al Green. When Green passed on it due to his religious beliefs,^[4] Robinson decided to record it herself, returning to her own musical career. Billed under simply Sylvia, the record became an instant hit reaching number-one on the R&B charts and crossing over to reach Billboard Hot 100 #3, plus also reaching #14 in the UK at the beginning of 1973. She was awarded a gold disc by the R.I.A.A. in May 1973.^[4] Robinson would record four solo albums on the Vibration subsidiary^[5] and had other R&B hits including "Sweet Stuff" and "Pussycat". "Pillow Talk" has been called an early example of prototypical disco music and went on to sell two million copies. The vocals are replete with moaning and heavy breathing, predating Donna Summer's orgasmic moans on "Love to Love You Baby". The drumming rhythm would reappear in 1985 on Kate Bush's "Running Up that Hill", then again in 1987 on Fleetwood Mac's "Big Love".
In the 1970s, the Robinsons founded Sugar Hill Records. The company was named after the culturally rich Sugar Hill area of Harlem, an affluent African American neighborhood in Manhattan New York City, known as a hub for artists and performers in the early and mid 1900s.^[6][7]
She co-wrote and produced Grandmaster Flash & the Furious Five's most successful single, "The Message", which is credited as the rap song that brought socially conscious lyrics into hip hop. She persuaded the group to record the song while it was still an estranged demo recording, surprisingly created by a studio percussionist for the Sugar Hill Gang.^[8] By commercializing the market for rap records, Robinson is credited as the mother of modern hip-hop. The song "Rapper's Delight" , which was performed by The Sugar Hill Gang, brought rap into the public music arena, and revolutionized the music industry as it introduced the idea of re-using existing compositions, a practice that later became known as "sampling".^{[citation needed]} . Sylvia's song, "Sunday", was sampled by Moby in his 2002 album 18. Later acts signed to Sugar Hill Records included all-female rap/funk group The Sequence, featuring a teenage Angie Stone (recording as "Angie B"), who had a million-selling hit in early 1980 with "Funk U Up".
After Sugar Hill folded due to changes in the music industry and the presences of hip-hop labels Profile and Def Jam and due to financial pressures in 1985, Robinson, who had by now divorced Joe Robinson, continued her efforts as a music executive, forming Bon Ami Records in 1987. The label was noted for signing the act The New Style, who later left and found success as Naughty by Nature.
Robinson died on the morning of September 29, 2011, aged 75, at Meadowlands Hospital in Secaucus, New Jersey from congestive heart failure.^[3][9]

Discography

Mickey & Sylvia

• 1957: Mickey & Sylvia
• 1957: New Sounds
• 1957: Love is Strange
• 1973: Do It Again
• 1996: The Willow Sessions
• 1997: Love is Strange: A Golden Classics Edition

Sylvia

• 1973: Pillow Talk
• 1976: Sylvia
• 1977: Lay It On Me
• 1990: The Great Works of Sylvia & George: Queen & King of Sweet N.J.

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Antonio Cassese, Italian international law expert, Yugoslavian war crimes judge, died from cancer he was 74.

Antonio Cassese was an Italian jurist who specialized in public international law. He was the first President of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the first President of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon which he presided over until his resignation on health grounds in 1 October 2011. He died on 21 October 2011.^[2]

(1 January 1937 – 21 October 2011) 

Early life

Born in Atripalda, Cassese was educated at the University of Pisa (at the prestigious Collegio Medico-Giuridico of the Scuola Normale Superiore, which today is Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies), where he met his mentor, Giuseppe Sperduti, who was an international lawyer and a member of the European Commission on Human Rights. Cassese eventually decided to pursue an academic career in public international law under Sperduti's guidance.^[3]

Academic career

Cassese was the Professor of International Law at the University of Pisa from 1972 to 1974. In 1975 he joined the University of Florence, where he served as professor until 2008. He was a visiting fellow at All Souls College, Oxford, from 1979 to 1980 and professor of law at the European University Institute from 1987 to 1993.^[4]
He published extensively on international human rights law and international criminal law. He was the author of International Law and International Criminal Law published by the Oxford University Press, the co-founder and co-editor of the European Journal of International Law, and founder and editor-in-chief of the Journal of International Criminal Justice.^[5]
Cassese was granted Doctorates honoris causa by Erasmus University Rotterdam, Paris X University and the University of Geneva, and was a member of the Institut de Droit International. In 2002, he received the Grand Prix awarded by the Académie Universelle des Cultures, presided over by the Nobel Laureate Elie Wiesel, for "exceptional contribution to the protection of human rights in Europe and the world".^[5] On 13 November 2009, Cassese received the Erasmus Prize for his services in the field of international law.^[6]

Judicial and public career

Cassese was Chairman of the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Human Rights from 1987 to 1988 and President of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture from 1989 to 1993. He represented the Italian Government on many occasions at UN meetings on human rights and served as the representative at the Geneva Diplomatic Conference on the Humanitarian Law of Armed Conflicts from 1974 to 1977.^[5]
He was the first President of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), serving in this capacity from 1993 to 1997.^[7] After his tenure as President, he continued to sit as a Tribunal judge until February 2000.^[5]
In October 2004, Cassese was appointed by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to be the Chairperson for the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur. This Commission was to investigate potential international and human rights violations taking place in Darfur, and to determine whether or not acts of genocide had occurred.^{[citation needed]}
On 25 January 2005, the Commission issued its "Report to the Secretary-General." The Commission found that while there was evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity, the government of Sudan had not committed acts of genocide. This finding was contrary to the position of the United States, which had already labeled the Government's activities as "genocide". The Commission recommended the U.N. Security Council use its referral power under the Rome Statute to refer the Darfur case to the International Criminal Court in The Hague. This recommendation was expected from the Commission, as Cassese was known to be an ardent supporter of the International Criminal Court. In March 2005, the U.N. Security Council acted upon the ICC recommendation and used its referral power for the first time to refer the Darfur case to the ICC.
In October 2008, Cassese was legal advisor to the European Committee for Delisting the PMOI (People's Mujahedin of Iran).^[8]
Cassese was elected as the President of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) in March 2009.^[9] He was the first president of STL.^[10] He resigned on health grounds on 1 October 2011^[11] and was succeeded by David Baragwanath.^[12]

Death

Antonio Cassese died after a long fight with cancer in Florence on 21 October 2011. He was 74.^[10]


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