Fe del Mundo was a
Filipino pediatrician. The first woman admitted as a student of the
Harvard Medical School, she founded the first pediatric hospital in the Philippines died from a heart attack he was , 99. Her pioneering work in
pediatrics in the Philippines in an active medical practice that spanned 8 decades won her international recognition, including the
Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service in 1977. In 1980, she was conferred the rank and title of
National Scientist of the Philippines while in 2010, she was conferred the
Order of Lakandula.
(November 27, 1911 – August 6, 2011)
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Early life and education
Del Mundo was born in
Intramuros, Manila, her family home located just across the
Manila Cathedral. Her father Bernardo served one term in the
Philippine Assembly, representing the province of
Tayabas. Three of her eight siblings died in infancy,
[2] while an older sister died from
appendicitis at age 11.
[4]
It was the death of her older sister, who had made known her desire to
become a doctor for the poor, that spurred young del Mundo towards the
medical profession.
[4]
Del Mundo enrolled at the
University of the Philippines, Manila in 1926 and earned her
medical degree in 1933, graduating as class
valedictorian.
She passed the medical board exam that same year, placing third among
the examinees. Her exposure while in medical school to various health
conditions afflicting children in the provinces, particularly in
Marinduque, led her to choose pediatrics as her specialization.
Admission to Harvard Medical School and post-graduate studies
After her graduation from U.P., del Mundo was offered a full scholarship to any school in the
United States for further training in a medical field of her choice by
President Manuel Quezon.
[4] She accepted the offer and chose to go to
Harvard, arriving at
Harvard Medical School
in 1936. She was unwittingly enrolled in Harvard Medical School, an
institution which did not yet then admit female students. As recounted
in her official Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation biography:
[Del Mundo] humorously relates that when she arrived in Boston and
went to the dormitory assigned her in a letter from the director of the
hospital housing, much to her surprise she found herself in a men's
dorm. Unknowingly the Harvard officials had admitted a female to their
all-male student body. But because her record was so strong the head of
the pediatrics department saw no reason not to accept her. Thus,
upsetting Harvard tradition, she became the first Philippine woman and
the only female at the time to be enrolled at the Harvard Medical
School.[5]
Some sources cite del Mundo as the first woman ever enrolled in Harvard Medical School,
[1][2] or the first woman to be enrolled at Pediatrics at the school,
[6] or even the first Asian admitted to the Harvard Medical School.
[3]
On this point, del Mundo herself would acknowledge only that she was
"the first [woman] coming from [as] far [as the Philippines]".
[7] However, Harvard Medical School began to accept female students only in 1945,
[8][9][10] nine years after del Mundo was enrolled in the school.
Del Mundo remained in HMS until 1938, completing 3 Pediatric courses.
[1] She then took up a residency at the Billings Hospital of the
University of Chicago, before returning to
Massachusetts in 1939 for a two-year research fellowship at the Harvard Medical School Children's Hospital.
[5] She also enrolled at the
Boston University School of Medicine, earning a
Master's degree in
bacteriology in 1940.
[6]
Medical practice
Del Mundo returned to the Philippines in 1941, shortly before the
Japanese invasion of the country later that year. She joined the
International Red Cross and volunteered to care for children-internees then detained at the
University of Santo Tomas internment camp for foreign nationals.
[6]
She set up a makeshift hospice within the internment camp, and her
activities led her to be known as "The Angel of Santo Tomas".
[11] After the Japanese authorities shut down the hospice in 1943, del Mundo was asked by Manila mayor
León G. Guinto, Sr.
to head a children's hospital under the auspices of the city
government. The hospital was later converted into a full-care medical
center to cope with the mounting casualties during the
Battle of Manila,
and would be renamed the North General Hospital (later, the Jose R.
Reyes Memorial Medical Center). Del Mundo would remain the hospital's
director until 1948.
[12]
Del Mundo joined the faculty of the University of Santo Tomas, then the
Far Eastern University in 1954. She likewise established a small medical pediatric clinic to pursue a private practice.
Establishment of the Children's Medical Center
The Children's Medical Center of the Philippines in 1957.
Frustrated by the bureaucratic constraints in working for a
government hospital, del Mundo had desired to establish her own
pediatric hospital.
[12] Towards that end, she sold her home and most of her personal effects
[11][12] and obtained a sizable loan from the
GSIS in order to finance the construction of her own hospital. The Children's Medical Center, a 100-bed hospital located in
Quezon City,
was inaugurated in 1957 as the first pediatric hospital in the
Philippines. The hospital was expanded in 1966 through the establishment
of an Institute of Maternal and Child Health, the first institution of
its kind in
Asia.
[5]
Having sold her home to finance the medical center, del Mundo chose to reside at the second-floor of the hospital itself.
[11]
As late as 2007, she retained her living quarters at the hospital
(since renamed the "Fe del Mundo Children's Medical Center Foundation"),
rising daily at five in the morning and continuing to make her daily
rounds even though then wheelchair-bound at 99 years of age.
[2][11]
The Dr. Fe Del Mundo Medical Center (Children's Medical Center of the Philippines, 1957)
As early as 1958, del Mundo conveyed her personal ownership over the hospital to a board of trustees.
[11] In July 2007, the Medical Center Foundation reported to the
Department of Labor and Employment that it would cease operations after having incurred losses of more 100 million pesos.
[13] Reports soon emerged that a joint venture composed of the management and consulting firm Accent Healthcare and the
STI Colleges had offered to lease, manage and operate the institution, thus precluding it from shutting down.
[13] Concerns over the employment status of the rank-and-file hospital employees following the takeover led to a
strike that forced the temporary closure of the hospital in August 2007.
[13] In September 2007, the hospital announced its re-opening under the new management of the
joint venture management firm Accent/STI Management, Inc.
[14]
According to a statement released by the hospital, under the 20-year
management lease agreement contracted with Accent/STI Management, Inc.,
the latter agreed to absorb the outstanding debts of the hospital.
[14]
Later life and death
Del Mundo was still active in her practice of pediatrics into her
90s. She died on August 6, 2011 after suffering cardiac arrest. She was
buried at the
Libingan ng mga Bayani.
[15]
Research and innovations
Del Mundo was noted for her pioneering work on
infectious diseases
in Philippine communities. Undeterred by the lack of well-equipped
laboratories in post-war Philippines, she would not hesitate to send
specimens or blood samples for analysis abroad.
[12] In the 1950s, she pursued studies on
dengue fever, a common malady in the Philippines of which little was then yet known.
[12]
Her clinical observations on dengue, and the findings of research she
later undertook on the disease are said to "have led to a fuller
understanding of dengue fever as it afflicts the young".
[5] She authored over a hundred articles, reviews and reports in
medical journals[5] on such diseases as dengue,
polio and measles.
[16] She also authored "Textbook of Pediatrics", a fundamental medical text used in Philippine medical schools.
[17]
Del Mundo was active in the field of
public health, with special concerns towards rural communities. She organized rural extension teams to advise mothers on
breastfeeding and child care.
[11]
and promoted the idea of linking hospitals to the community through the
public immersion of physicians and other medical personnel to allow for
greater coordination among health workers and the public for common
health programs such as immunization and nutrition.
[17]
She called for the greater integration of midwives into the medical
community, considering their more visible presence within rural
communities. Notwithstanding her own devout
Catholicism,
[2][5][11] she is an advocate of
family planning and
population control.
[11]
Del Mundo was also known for having devised an
incubator made out of
bamboo,
[17] designed for use in rural communities without electrical power.
[11]
Citations
In 1980, President
Ferdinand Marcos named del Mundo as a National Scientist of the Philippines, the first Filipino woman to be so-named.
Among the international honors bestowed on del Mundo was the
Elizabeth Blackwell Award for Outstanding Service to Mankind, handed in 1966 by
Hobart and William Smith Colleges,
and the citation as Outstanding Pediatrician and Humanitarian by the
International Pediatric Association in 1977. Also in 1977, del Mundo was
awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service.
On April 22, 2010, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo awarded del Mundo the
Order of Lakandula with the rank of
Bayani at the
Malacañang Palace.
[18]
References
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